 Young children and animals are open to feelings of joy, and are known to literally jump for joy, but it is rare to see a mature or older person feel and act that way. In this blog, I explore how we can regain our natural ability to feel joy and be joyful, as well as what the impediments to feeling of joy are. Joy is a feeling (emotion) of great pleasure and happiness, and is one of four primary emotions (Joy, Fear, Sadness, and anger). Dancing may be the closest activity to being joyful, which is the reason why it is the natural activity at joyful occasions. Children do not need special occasions to be joyful. Simply allow them to be free in company of other children and joyful activity will soon appear When the pleasurable excitement mounts from the baseline of good feeling, one knows joy, and should it overflow, it becomes ecstasy. Our behavior and expressions are controlled by a superego, with its lists of Do's and Don'ts and the power to punish if one violates its commandments. The superego is the internalization of the “dictatorial” parent, and it functions below the level of consciousness so that we are unaware of the limitations it imposes upon our feelings and consequently our actions are not the result of our free will. To feel joy and to be joyful requires one to be free – to expand and to move, and one cannot feel joy in a contracted state. Many adults are still afraid of their parents, even afraid to speak openly to them (due to earlier traumatic experience). Chronic muscular tension in different parts of the body constitutes the prison that prevents the free expression of an individual's spirit. These tensions can be found in the jaw, the neck, the shoulders, the chest, the upper back and lower back, the legs, and pelvis. They manifest the inhibition of impulses which the person dares not express for fear of punishment, verbal or physical. The child who lives in this fear is tense, anxious and contracted. It is a painful state and the child will deaden himself to not feel the pain of the fear. Deadening the body eliminates the pain and the fear the “dangerous” impulses are effectively imprisoned – survival is thus assured but repression becomes the mode of life. Every chronically tense muscle in the body is a frightened muscle, or it would not be held so tightly against the flow feelings and life. Looking at the body, one can evaluate the fear – if the body is very rigid, one can describe the person as being “scared stiff”. The fear has two aspects – a fear of letting go and surrendering to the body, to the self, and to life; and the other is the fear of death. Fear of letting go is also related to fear of insanity in that too much feelings may overwhelm the ego and result in madness. Fear of death is connected with a very early experience in which the child senses that it faces death, that it could die – death does not occur, the child recovers, but the bodily memory cannot be erased. The body memory persists in the form of tension, alarm and fear in the tissues and organs of the body, especially in the musculature. Every chronically contracted muscle is an angry muscle, since anger is the natural reaction to forced restraint and the denial of freedom. If an individual is unable to get angry, he becomes locked in a position of fear – the two emotions are antithetical; when one is angry, one is not frightened, and vice versa. When a person is frightened, one can assume that he has an equal amount of (suppressed) anger in his personality. Expressing anger releases fear, just as crying releases sadness. Wilhelm Reich in a seminar in his home (in 1945) stated that the neurotic personality only develops when a child's ability to express anger at an insult to his personality is blocked (Lowen). He pointed out that when the act of reaching out for pleasure is frustrated, a withdrawal of the impulse takes place, creating a loss of integrity in the body. That integrity can be restored only through the mobilization of aggressive energy and its expression as anger. This would reestablish the organism's natural boundaries and its ability to reach out again. Every chronically tense muscle is related to sadness. There is also sadness at losing the potential for a state of pleasurable excitation. Crying is an acceptance of the reality of both the present and the past. When we cry we feel or sense our sadness and we realize how much we hurt and how badly we have been hurt. Crying can be blocked by chronic throat tensions and breathing. If crying is choked off, one can't breathe One has choked off the flow of air by constricting the throat. If one's throat is constricted, one has no voice. The regulation of our voice is exercised largely through the control of respiration. If we breathe freely and fully, our voice will naturally reflect our feelings. The ability to cry out and to speak out is the basis for an individual's sense that he has a voice in his own affairs. Prisoners and slaves have no voice in their affairs and are not free people. Children can also fall into this category if they have been so frightened that they cannot make a loud sound. Sound and feeling are closely connected, and we have learned how to control our voice so as not to reveal our feelings. We can speak in a flat and unemotional tone to deny feelings, a high pitch voice to hide the fact that feel down, etc. Love has been described as the greatest and sweetest feeling, as the mystery which gives life its richest meaning. Love is a vital connection to a source of life and joy, whether that source is an individual, a community, nature, or the universe. [Healthy adult] Love is an opening up and expansion of the self to include the world – and thus is related to joy. But many people are fearful of surrendering to love, and this fear stems from conflict between the ego and the heart. We love with our heart but we question doubt and control with our ego. Heart may say “surrender” but ego says “be careful; don't let go; you will be abandoned and hurt”. The surrender to love involves the ability to share one's self fully with one's partner. Love is not a matter of giving but of being open, and openness has to be first with one's self, then with another. And longing for love is not the same as ability to love. A person who longs for love, when meets one who responds to his longing gets hooked on this person like an addict. The longing for love represents the unloved and unfulfilled child buried within. Surrender to the body is the surrender of the ego in favor of identification with the body and its feelings. We live in a narcissistic culture in which success seems to be the meaning of life. One's identity is often tied to one's activity rather than one's being. In our narcissistic culture “surrender” is equated with being defeated, but it is really the defeat of the narcissistic ego. Without surrender of the narcissistic ego, one cannot surrender to love. Without such a surrender joy is impossible. Surrender does not mean the abandonment or sacrifice of the ego. It means that ego recognizes its role as subservient to the self – as the organ of consciousness, not the master of the body (Lowen). Surrender means letting the body become fully alive and free. It means allowing the involuntary processes of the body, like respiration, and full freedom of action. It means surrendering to the illusion of the power of the mind. Surrendering to the body is not something one can do. Doing is the opposite of surrendering. Doing is an ego function whereas surrendering to the body requires abandonment of the ego. The surrender to the body is associated with the giving up of illusions and coming down to ground and to reality. The individual who is strongly connected to reality is said to “have his feet on the ground”. To be grounded means to feel one's feet on the ground. Grounding is an energetic process in which there is a flow of excitation through the body from head to feet. When a person is grounded, he is connected to reality. Culture developed as man moved out from a purely animal state and became self-conscious. This move, from 4 legged stance to an upright posture, lifted man above other animals and also in his mind above nature. He, thus gained control over nature, and by extension over his own nature, and has thus alienated himself from nature and his activities have become destructive to himself and to nature. Man has gained power and is hung up on it, and our culture is driven by it. As we gain more power, our pace of life increases to a point where our bodies cannot keep up – if we relax for a few minutes it is only so we can run faster. This situation cannot be sustained, and our bodies cannot tolerate it for long. Man needs to Identify and harmonize with nature, with one's environment and with members of one's community. Man needs to surrender to and identify with nature, which is the surrender to life process in the body, to feelings, and to sexuality. Flow of excitation in the body creates sexual feelings when it flows downward and spiritual feelings when it flows upward. This action is pulsatory and cannot be any stronger in one direction than the other. Sexuality does not mean sex any more than spirituality means going to places of worship. Sexuality is the feeling of excitement in relation to a person of opposite sex, and spirituality refers to feelings or excitement in relation to nature, to life, and to the universe. The key to transcendence of the self is the surrender of the ego. The surrender of the ego allows the person to turn inward, to hear the voice of nature (God). To surrender the ego and to close out the noise of the external world, one needs to shut off the flow of thoughts, which is called the stream of consciousness. The stream of consciousness ceases when one goes into a state of deep body relaxation in which breathing is full and deep. When this is done a sense of peace takes over the body – consciousness is not dimmed. One is fully aware but the awareness is not focused – one is not unconsciously poised to meet a danger. Reference Lowen, A. (1994). Joy - surrender to the body and to life. New York, NY: Penguin Compass.   Why are we chronically unhappy? When I speak to practically anyone around me, I hear unhappy voices, see grim faces, and contracted bodies. Most people today complain of being unhappy and not satisfied in life. Of course everyone's ego ideal is to live a happy life and to “live life to the fullest”. But the illusion of a happy life seems to elude most people.
What is happiness? We can say that we are generally happy when we feel pleasure in our body. Pleasure is feeling which like all other feelings is felt in the body. It is related to expansiveness and openness. Are we then incapable of feeling pleasure to a large extend? The answer based on what people say regarding being unhappy must be “No”! People seem to be able to sense excitement which results in very short lived sensation of pleasure. Excitement is a sensory phenomenon that diminishes shortly after excitement ends. People seek excitement and thrill in order to feel some level of aliveness in their bodies. We live in a narcissistic age, in which image is more important than reality (it may even replace reality), consequently our true self is denied, and replaced with an image. If we deny our true self, we also must by very definition deny our feelings as feelings are perceptions of emotions that originate in our body – our true self. We also had to cut off our feelings as children when our heart was broken through many disappointments, rejections, and loss of love by our significant caretakers. The narcissistic identification with an image and denial of our true self also serve to compensate for the shame of not being seen for who we were and consequent rejection and heartbreak by our caretakers. Having to deny or cut off our feelings all that is left is excitement which gives us a passing moment of feeling “something” which quickly fades. The more alive we are the more we feel, and conversely the more we feel the more alive we are. Dead people have no feelings. Having suffered many rejections and heartbreaks, we become fearful of life and aliveness. Being alive means feeling our emotions, but this will take us back to when we suffered heartbreaks which are too painful to bear. We thus develop a fear of life and living. We seek refuge in our head and deny our body, and focus on achievements, power, money, thrills and excitements, push ourselves to the limit until life breaks us down (heart attack, cancer, auto-immune diseases, etc). We have thus failed! Ironically it is this failure that may provide us with the possibility of recovery. For some this breakdown occurs too late, making it very hard to recover. For some the breakdown provides a moment of self reflection and change in the direction of life. To paraphrase John Pierrakos, MD (co-founder of Bioenergetic Analysis): One of most important tasks of therapy is to help our clients before life breaks them down. To regain our ability to feel pleasure and the capacity to live a happy life, we need to recover our body. We need to breathe, open and soften the thoracic cage which keeps our heart in isolation in order to protect us from heartbreak. If we don't breathe, we won't feel. Dead people do not breathe and do not feel. Suppression of feelings occurs through chronic contraction of musculature responsible for expression of those same feelings. Thus, we also need to release the tension held in our tight musculature which contains a record or our traumas and heartbreaks. Earlier I pointed out that pleasure is related to expansion and pain/anxiety to contraction of body and musculature. The converse must also be true, in that our capacity to feel pleasure is greatly diminished if our body is tight and contracted. I will end this blog by quoting Alexander Lowen MD (founder of Bioenergetic Analysis): “We deaden our bodies to avoid our aliveness, and then pretend to be alive to avoid our deadness.”  Alexander Lowen, MD, the founder of Bioenergetic Analysis is interviewed with Frank Hladky, MD. I am fortunate to have been trained by Dr Hladky and to have participated in workshops given by Dr Lowen. Alexander Lowen (December 23, 1910 – October 28, 2008) was an American physician and psychotherapist. A student of Wilhelm Reich (an associate of Sigmund Freud, MD) in the 1940s and early 1950s in New York, he developed bioenergetic analysis, a form of mind-body psychotherapy, with his then-colleague, John Pierrakos (February 8, 1921 – February 1, 2001). Lowen was the founder and former executive director of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis in New York City. Born in New York City, Lowen received a bachelor's degree in science and business from City College of New York, an LL.B and a J.S.D (a doctorate in law) from Brooklyn Law School. His interest in the link between the mind and the body developed during this time. He enrolled in a class on character analysis with Wilhelm Reich. After training to be a therapist himself, Lowen moved to Switzerland to attend the University of Geneva. Lowen lived and practiced for the majority of his life in New Canaan, Connecticut. He suffered a stroke in July 2006. The Alexander Lowen Foundation was founded in April 2007 to continue his legacy. Lowen died on October 28, 2008 at the age of 97. In this 30 minute conversation with Dr. Stephen Sinatra and Holly Hatch, director of behavioral services at The New England Heart Center, Dr. Alexander Lowen discusses the importance of sex and love in preventing heart disease and other health problems. To purchase the book and ebook Love, Sex, and Your Heart by Alexander Lowen, M.D. visit Lowen Foundation store at http://www.lowenfoundation.org/store Dr. Scott Baum presents an understanding of the development of psychopathy as a defensive organization and as character structure from a bioenergetic developmental perspective. He discusses the clinical manifestations of these psychological organizations and the challenges to the therapist in working with people dealing with these personality problems. The presentation is most suited for use by therapists. Dr. Baum is a licensed Clinical Psychologist and a Diplomate in Clinical Psychology. He is also a certified Bioenergetic Therapist, and a member of the Faculty of The International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis. He has been affiliated with the DiMele Center for Psychotherapy since 1994. Scott Baum views psychotherapy as an experiential, problem solving process. He believes that the deepest, fullest, and most complex understanding of a person’s problem yields the best, most creative and enduring results. Audio level and quality is not very good, but still quite audible. This 3 part YouTube video is very much worth watching. I have attended several workshops by Dr Scott Baum and highly recommend these presentations. These rare clips are from the BBC archives, parts of which are featured in Adam Curtis' film Century of the Self. Alexander Lowen (December 23, 1910 – October 28, 2008) was an American physician and psychotherapist. A student of Wilhelm Reich in the 1940s and early 1950s in New York, he developed bioenergetic analysis, a form of mind-body psychotherapy, with his then-colleague, John Pierrakos (February 8, 1921 – February 1, 2001). Lowen was the founder and former executive director of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis in New York City. Born in New York City, Lowen received a bachelor's degree in science and business from City College of New York, an LL.B and a J.S.D (a doctorate in law) from Brooklyn Law School. His interest in the link between the mind and the body developed during this time. He enrolled in a class on character analysis with Wilhelm Reich. After training to be a therapist himself, Lowen moved to Switzerland to attend the University of Geneva and received his Doctorate in Medicine (MD) in 1951. Alexander Lowen met Wilhelm Reich in New York in 1940, and trained with him until 1952. He studied Reich's energy principles and character analysis. He also had personal therapy with Reich from 1942 to 1945 before becoming a Reichian therapist himself. In 1953, he split from Reich and his research on the "orgone". Lowen then developed "Bioenergetic Analysis" as his own creative contribution to help people clarify the complexity of the mind-body split. Lowen lived and practiced for the majority of his life in New Canaan, Connecticut. He suffered a stroke in July 2006. The Alexander Lowen Foundation was founded in April 2007 to continue his legacy. Lowen died on October 28, 2008 at the age of 97. Books authored by Dr Alexander Lowen:
Alexander Lowen, M.D. (December 23, 1910 – October 28, 2008) was an American physician and psychotherapist. A student of Wilhelm Reich in the 1940s and early 1950s in New York, he developed bioenergetic analysis, a form of mind-body psychotherapy, with his then-colleague, John Pierrakos (February 8, 1921 – February 1, 2001). Lowen was the founder and former executive director of the International Institute for Bioenergetic Analysis in New York City. Born in New York City, Lowen received a bachelor's degree in science and business from City College of New York, an LL.B and a J.S.D (a doctorate in law) from Brooklyn Law School. His interest in the link between the mind and the body developed during this time. He enrolled in a class on character analysis with Wilhelm Reich. After training to be a therapist himself, Lowen moved to Switzerland to attend the University of Geneva. Lowen lived and practiced for the majority of his life in New Canaan, Connecticut. He suffered a stroke in July 2006. The Alexander Lowen Foundation was founded in April 2007 to continue his legacy. Lowen died on October 28, 2008 at the age of 97. Dr. Alexander Lowen devoted his life to showing the importance of the body in the psychotherapeutic process, as he was convinced that every profound change has an impact on the body. Dr. Alexander Lowen met Wilhelm Reich in New York in 1940, and trained with him until 1952. He studied Reich's energy principles and character analysis. He also had personal therapy with Reich from 1942 to 1945 before becoming a Reichian therapist himself. In 1953, he split from Reich and his research on the "orgone". Lowen then developed "Bioenergetic Analysis" as his own creative contribution to help people clarify the complexity of the mind-body split. He teamed up with two other students of Reich, John Pierrakos and William Walling and together created the Institute of Bioenergetic Analysis (IBA) in 1956, in New York. |
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